Abstract Background: in recent years, n-3 PUFAs have been confirmed to be associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, but the link between n-3 PUFAs and stroke remains controversial. Objective: this study aimed to evaluate the association between n-3 PUFAs and stroke. Methods: we performed a comprehensive search of the following electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and CNKI. Literature screening and quality assessment were performed according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Cochrane's tool was used to assess the methodological components of each study, and the Stata 15.1 software was used to perform the meta-analysis. Results: a total of 18 RCTs were included, and the meta-analysis showed no differences in vascular disease-related death between the n-3 PUFA and control groups (RR, 0.95, 95 % CI: 0.89 to 1.01, p = 0.114 > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the lower n-3 PUFA dose subgroup (RR, 0.93, 95 % CI: 0.87 to 0.99, p = 0.034 < 0.05). Oral administration of n-3 PUFAs did not significantly reduce the risk of the following cerebrovascular accidents: stroke (RR = 1.00, 95 % CI: 0.93 to 1.07, p = 0.983 > 0.05), ischemic stroke (RR = 0.99, 95 % CI: 0.896 to 1.094, p = 0.841 > 0.05), hemorrhagic stroke (RR = 1.249, 95 % CI: 0.939 to 1.662, p = 0.127 > 0.05) and TIA (RR = 1.016, 95 % CI: 0.882 to 1.170, p = 0.824 > 0.05). The levels of TC (SMD, -0.167, 95 % CI: −0.193 to -0.141, p = 0 < 0.05) and TG (SMD, -0.065, 95 % CI: -0.087 to -0.042, p = 0 < 0.05) in the n-3 PUFA group were significantly decreased, but no significant improvement in the LDL (SMD, 0.022, 95 % CI: 0.005 to 0.040, p = 0.889 > 0.05) and HDL (SMD, 0.008, 95 % CI: -0.009 to 0.025, p = 0.368 > 0.05) levels was observed. Conclusion: this systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that treatment with low-dose n-3 PUFAs can reduce cerebrovascular disease-related death. After the oral administration of n-3 PUFAs, the levels of TC and TG decreased significantly, but n-3 PUFAs did not prevent the occurrence of cerebrovascular accidents or improve LDL or HDL levels.

Resumen Antecedentes: en los últimos años se ha confirmado que los AGPI n-3 se relacionan con las enfermedades cardiovasculares y cerebrovasculares, pero el vínculo entre los AGPI n-3 y el ictus sigue siendo objeto de controversia. Objetivo: este estudio se propuso evaluar la relación entre AGPI n-3 e ictus. Métodos: se realizaron búsquedas en las siguientes bases de datos electrónicas: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science y CNKI. Se utilizó la herramienta de Cochrane para evaluar los componentes metodológicos de cada estudio y el software Stata para el metanálisis. Resutados: se incluyeron 18 ECA y el metanálisis no mostró diferencias en cuanto a la muerte relacionada con enfermedades vasculares entre los grupos de AGPI n-3 y de control (RR: 0,95, IC del 95 %: 0,89 a 1,01). Sin embargo, hubo una diferencia significativa en el subgrupo de dosis más baja de AGPI n-3 (RR: 0,93, IC del 95 %: 0,87 a 0,99). La administración oral de AGPI n-3 no redujo significativamente el riesgo de los siguientes accidentes cerebrovasculares: ictus (RR = 1,00, IC 95 %: 0,93 a 1,07), ictus isquémico (RR = 0,99, IC 95 %: 0,896 a 1. 094), ictus hemorrágico (RR = 1,249, IC 95 %: 0,939 a 1,662) y AIT (RR = 1,016, IC 95 %: 0,882 a 1,170). Los niveles de TC (DME: -0,167, IC del 95 %: -0,193 a 0,141) y TG (DME -0,065, IC del 95 %: -0,087 a -0,042) en el grupo de AGPI n-3 se redujeron significativamente, pero no hubo una mejora significativa en los niveles de LDL (SMD: 0,022, IC 95 %: 0,005 a 0,040) y HDL (SMD: 0,008, IC 95 %: -0,009 a 0,025). Conclusiones: esta revisión sistemática y metaanálisis sugiere que el tratamiento con PUFA n-3 en dosis bajas puede reducir la muerte relacionada con la enfermedad cerebrovascular. Después de la administración oral de PUFA n-3, los niveles de TC y TG disminuyeron significativamente, pero los PUFA n-3 no impidieron la aparición de accidentes cerebrovasculares ni mejoraron los niveles de LDL o HDL.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and validate a practical nomogram to predict the occurrence of post-traumatic hydrocephalus in patients who have undergone decompressive craniectomy for traumatic brain injury. METHODS: A total of 516 cases were enrolled and divided into the training (n=364) and validation (n=152) cohorts. Optimal predictors were selected through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis of the training cohort then used to develop a nomogram. Receiver operating characteristic, calibration plot, and decision curve analysis, respectively, were used to evaluate the discrimination, fitting performance, and clinical utility of the resulting nomogram in the validation cohort. RESULTS: Preoperative subarachnoid hemorrhage Fisher grade, type of decompressive craniectomy, transcalvarial herniation volume, subdural hygroma, and functional outcome were all identified as predictors and included in the predicting model. The nomogram exhibited good discrimination in the validation cohort and had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.80 (95%CI 0.72–0.88). The calibration plot demonstrated goodness-of-fit between the nomogram’s prediction and actual observation in the validation cohort. Finally, decision curve analysis indicated significant clinical adaptability. CONCLUSION: The present study developed and validated a model to predict post-traumatic hydrocephalus. The nomogram that had good discrimination, calibration, and clinical practicality can be useful for screening patients at a high risk of post-traumatic hydrocephalus. The nomogram can also be used in clinical practice to develop better therapeutic strategies.

The purpose of this work was to investigate the isolation, culture process of chicken gonadal primordial germ cells (PGCs) and study their biological characterization. PGCs were harvested from 5.5-day-old chicken embryonic genital ridges and explanted onto chicken embryonic fibroblasts (CEFs). The results showed that the primary cultivation of chicken PGCs on their own gonadal stroma cells were better than CEFs at first two days for reproduction. The conditioned media supported the growth and colony formation of PGCs for a prolonged time in vitro and maintained a normal diploid karyotype, which were positively stained by alkaline phosphatase (AKP), periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and reacted with anti-SSEA-1, SSEA-3, Oct4, Blimp1 and Sox2. Real-time PCR showed that they expressed the stage specific genes CVH, Blimp1 and Dazl, the stem cell specific genes Sox2, Pouv and Nanog. They also formed the embryoid bodies (EBs). These results suggested that the chicken PGCs cultured in vitro not only had strong self-renewal ability, but also had the potential capability of multi-lineage differentiation.